Frontiers the placental microbiota is altered among. May 11, 2015 the study, the first to rigorously show that identifying people from microbiome data is feasible, suggests that we have surprisingly unique microbial inhabitants, but could raise potential privacy concerns for subjects enrolled in human microbiome research projects. The placenta harbors a unique microbiome kjersti aagaard, jun ma, kathleen m. In many ways, the observation that the placenta harbors a microbiome is not surprising because it is the first organ to aid in nourishing and maintaining the fetus. Mar 30, 2016 the microbiome is the collection of trillions of bacteria and microscopic organisms that inhabit our bodies and the world around us. A comment on this article appears in comment on the placenta harbors a unique microbiome. The placenta harbors a unique microbiome request pdf. New research supports previous findings in the placental. Nature research makes no representations, warranties or guarantees, whether express or implied, that the content on this community is accurate, complete or up to date, and to the fullest extent permitted by law all liability is excluded.
Therefore, the gut, oral cavity, and vagina each harbor distinct bacte. This study is to investigate placental microbiome through 16s rdnabased and whole genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Figure s1 presents the relative abundance of commensal species with the highest occurrence in each placental sample. The placenta, once thought to be sterile, has its own unique microbiome community that can be detected both by microscopes and using bacterial dna sequencing.
The enig ma of whether a placental microbiota exists as well is still not fully resolved. We used the meta genome rapid annotation using subsystem technology mgrast to determine the taxonomic classification of the placental microbiome as characterized by wholegenome shotgun wgs. Gestational diabetes mellitus gdm has significant implications for the future health of the mother and child. Human breast tissue contains high levels of nutrientrich fatty acids, which serve as an energy source for microbes. The human microbiome, though, spans the tree of life and thus includes archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes.
The findings, in the current issue of the journal science translational medicine, provide important new insights on the structure of the placental microbial community, the organisms. Jan 23, 2017 wholegenome shotgun sequencing and sequencing of the gene encoding the 16s rrna in samples from a variety of body sites in a large cohort of mothers and their infants reveals that, during the 6. The placenta harbors a unique microbiome kjerstiaagaard,1,2,3junma,1,2 kathleenm. The placenta is full of microbes, a new study finds, raising questions about how that ecosystem and mothers oral health influence the. Baylor study finds placenta harbors unique, low abundant microbiome. May 28, 2014 the microbiome was relatively similar across the 48 placental samples, with escherichia coli the most abundant species followed by other organisms normally considered part of the oral microbiome e. Several recent studies introduced the idea that the healthy human placenta harbors a unique lowabundance microbiome 36.
In a healthy placental microbiome, the diversity of the species and genera is extensive. May 22, 2014 the placenta was long thought to be sterile, but a new study finds nucleic acid signatures of multiple species in a pattern similar to that in the oral cavity. Microbiome comment on the placenta harbors a unique microbiome harvey j. Contrary to the common idea of a sterile intrauterine environment, aagaard and coauthors demonstrated the presence of a microbiome in placentas from 320 healthy pregnancies, collected under sterile conditions. The study of the healthy microbiome has been greatly enriched for bacteria 7, 9, with less attention given to other microbial domains. Developmental aspects of maternalfetal, and infant gut. Antony,1radhikaganu,1josephpetrosino,4jamesversalovic 5 humans and their microbiomes have coevolved as a physiologic community composed of distinct body site niches with metabolic and antigenic diversity. The placenta harbors a unique microbiome houston methodist. The microbiome was relatively similar across the 48 placental samples, with escherichia coli. May 21, 2014 new research shows that the placenta harbors a unique, low abundant microbiome, said researchers from baylor college of medicine and texas childrens hospital. May 21, 2014 how bacteria in the placenta could help shape human health. Although human gut microbiota are recognized to change as we age, information regarding the structure and function of the gut microbiome during childhood is limited.
We characterized a unique placental microbiome niche, composed of. Analysis of placentas from healthy pregnancies revealed a distinct microbiome that is most. The early infant gut microbiome varies in association with a. Personal microbiomes shown to contain unique fingerprints. The healthy human microbiome genome medicine full text. Microbiome development follows several general stages. We recently have demonstrated that the placenta harbors a unique microbiome with similar flora to the oral community. A small number of archaeal genera have been identified in the healthy human microbiome, primarily in. It has become clear that the placenta is not a sterile organ, but rather has its own endogenous microbiome. Interestingly, the microbiota populations were most.
Review maternal health and the placental microbiome elise pelzer a, luisa f. The results of our study indicate that the placenta harbors a lowabundance but. Yet microbes in our adult microbiome exceed our human genome by 11fold. Braycurtis bc dissimilarity was calculated using wgsgenerated phylumlevel abundance of bacteria from each body site, including placental data from this study. The composition of the placental microbiome is distinct from that of the vagina and has been reported to resemble the oral microbiome. May 28, 2014 2 the placenta harbors a unique microbiome. In aggregate, the placental microbiome profiles were most akin braycurtis dissimilarity may 21, 2014 the placental microbiome has a taxonomic profile that is similar to the oral microbiome. We humans are mostly microbes, over 100 trillion of them. The synonymous term microbiome describes either the collective genomes of the microorganisms that reside in an environmental niche or the microorganisms themselves. Microbiome comment on the placenta harbors a unique microbiome. The meta genome sequencing revealed that the placenta microbiome harbored unique abundances in specific bacteria compared to other body sites. N2 background preterm birth ptb is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality and is not uncommonly associated with chorioamnionitis. The pregnancy microbiome nestle nutrition institute.
The placental microbiome study design context part of the human microbiome project nih, which aims to characterize adult human microbiota first and largest study to focus on the placental biome article. May 29, 2014 from the fact that the taxonomic profile of the placental microbiome resembles more that of the mouth microbiome than those of the skin, gut, or vaginal microbiomes, the authors of the study suggest that the placental microbiome is established by the spread of the oral microbiota through the maternal bloodstream. The placenta harbors a unique microbiome dbgap study accession. The placental microbiome has not been robustly interrogated. Using 16s rrna gene and shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we characterized the structure. This microbiome was quite different from that reported in other parts. We aimed to profile the placental microbiota of gdm and further define whether or not certain placental microbiota taxon correlates with specific clinical characteristics. Pdf comment on the placenta harbors a unique microbiome. In aggregate, the placental microbiome profiles were most akin braycurtis dissimilarity the human oral microbiome.
Recent work has suggested that the placenta harbours microbial communities. However, a challenge in working with specimens with low bacterial biomass, such as placental samples, is that some or all of the bacterial dna may derive from contamination in dust or commercial reagents. Long thought to be an oasis in a body otherwise colonized by microorganisms, the human placenta in fact harbors its own unique microbiome. May 22, 2014 the placenta, once thought sterile, actually harbors a world of bacteria that may influence the course of pregnancy and help shape an infants health and the bacterial makeup of its gut, a new. Barrett b, c, d, marloes dekker nitert b, e a school of biomedical sciences, queensland university of technology, brisbane, australia.
Analysis by dna sequencing did not yield a placenta microbiome. The placental membrane microbiome is altered among subjects. The placental membrane microbiome is altered among subjects with spontaneous preterm birth with and without chorioamnionitis presented orally at the 36th annual meeting of the society for maternalfetal medicine, atlanta, ga, feb. Jun 01, 2014 this animation describes the placental microbiome placenta harbors bacteria, may impact fetal health placenta ha. Aagaard k1, ma j2, antony km3, ganu r3, petrosino j4, versalovic j5. The placenta harbors a unique microbiome editors summary play a role in these events. Compared to the gut microbiome, the placental microbiome exhibits limited microbial diversity. Versalovic, the placenta harbors a unique microbiome. The taxonomic profile of the placental microbiome was similar to that of the oral. Identified taxa and their gene carriage patterns were compared to other human body sites. Study sees bigger role for placenta in newborns health the. Feb 26, 2019 the placenta is an organ attached to the womb lining that supplies a developing fetus with nutrients and oxygen, as well as removing fetal waste and secreting hormones. Placenta harbors bacteria, may impact fetal health science.
Human placenta has microbiome may 26, 2014 issue vol. May 21, 2014 placenta harbors bacteria, may impact fetal health. Shortchanging a babys microbiome scientific american blog. A change in the composition of the microbiota in the placenta is associated with excess gestational weight gain, and preterm birth. Jun 23, 2016 recent studies have suggested that bacteria associated with the placentaa placental microbiomemay be important in reproductive health and disease. Early life interactions between the human host and microbes set the stage for future health and disease. Systematic study of the human microbiome is a very young science and scientists are just beginning to address the questions of what constitutes a normal microbiome. Landmark study reveals first genetic snapshots of unique. Request pdf on may 22, 2014, james versalovic and others published the placenta harbors a unique microbiome find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Comment on the placenta harbors a unique microbiome article pdf available in science translational medicine 6254. Topics advertisers institutions editorial policies archive of pdf issues rss. Aagaard k, ma j, antony km, ganu r, petrosino j, versalovic. The gut microbiome influences myriad host functions, including nutrient acquisition, immune modulation, brain development, and behavior.
Prenatal scientists used to think the microbiome was sterile until birth, but new research shows that babies are exposed to their moms bacteria in the placenta, which harbors a variety of microbes some of which originate in the mouth, which is why prenatal oral health is so important. How bacteria in the placenta could help shape human health. Landmark study reveals first genetic snapshots of unique placental. The placental microbiome the american microbiome institute. A comment on this article appears in author response to comment on the placenta harbors a unique microbiome. We have now added the placenta as the home for microbes that result in adverse neurologic outcomes during infancy and childhood. Microbiota have been found to be crucial for immunologic, hormonal and metabolic homeostasis of their host. The discovery that human breast milk harbors a microbiome prompted urbaniak and team in canada to search for the presence of a breast tissue microbiome. Surprisingly, the mix of bacteria in the placenta looked more like the microbiome in an adult humans mouth than the vaginal.
Antony, radhika ganu, joseph petrosino, and james versalovic. Sep 11, 2017 the placenta is the principal organ nurturing the fetus during pregnancy and was traditionally considered to be sterile. An altered placental microbiome was associated with antenatal oral infections, that in turn may have resulted in preterm deliveries. The study appears online may 11, 2015 in the journal pnas. Jun 05, 2015 320 placenta specimens were collected, and pcr was used to characterize bacterial populations. The placental microbiota varies between low birth weight infants and those infants with normal birth weights. Lack of detection of a human placenta microbiome in samples from.
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